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  Welding is a process that joins pieces of metal or other materials together. Welding can be done with an open flame, electric arc, hot plate, or laser. The most common welding process is called shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). SMAW uses an electric current to heat the end of a rod (called the electrode) which is then used to melt and join pieces of metal together. The most common types of welding are gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), gas metal arc welding (GMAW), flux cored arc welding (FCAW), submerged-arc welding (SAW) and cold welding . Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. How Welding Works - The Basics of Welding that You Need to Know Welding is the process of joining two pieces of metal together by melting a filler metal into the joint. This filler metal is usually an alloy that has a lower melting point than the metals being welded. The filler metal is also called a 'welding rod' or 'filler wire'. The process of welding can be broken down into th